1、 光伏并網柜簡介

      分布式(shi)并網(wang)(wang)光伏(fu)(fu)(fu)系統(tong)(tong)是利用(yong)(yong)光伏(fu)(fu)(fu)組件將太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)直接轉變(bian)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)，并且(qie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)一定(ding)程度保(bao)證發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)穩定(ding)性、可靠(kao)性及供給配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)質量，是一種新型的(de)(de)、環保(bao)型且(qie)具有(you)(you)長遠發(fa)展(zhan)前(qian)景的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)。該系統(tong)(tong)在(zai)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)所在(zai)場(chang)地(di)或附近建(jian)設(she)(she)運行，以(yi)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)側自發(fa)自用(yong)(yong)為主、多(duo)余電(dian)(dian)(dian)量上網(wang)(wang)且(qie)在(zai)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)系統(tong)(tong)平衡調節(jie)為特征的(de)(de)光伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施。它能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠就近逐(zhu)步解決用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)問(wen)題，通過并網(wang)(wang)送去實(shi)現(xian)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)差(cha)額的(de)(de)補償與外送。光伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源處于(yu)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)側，發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)供給當(dang)地(di)負荷，可以(yi)有(you)(you)效減少(shao)(shao)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)依(yi)賴，減少(shao)(shao)線(xian)路損(sun)耗。通過借助建(jian)筑物表(biao)面(mian)，將光伏(fu)(fu)(fu)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池作(zuo)為建(jian)筑材料(liao)，從而有(you)(you)效地(di)增(zeng)加光伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站的(de)(de)占地(di)面(mian)積(ji)。分布式(shi)光伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)規模較(jiao)小，可以(yi)根據實(shi)際要求(qiu)進行建(jian)設(she)(she)，建(jian)設(she)(she)區(qu)域選(xuan)擇性較(jiao)大，在(zai)未來能(neng)(neng)(neng)源綜合利用(yong)(yong)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)有(you)(you)很大的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)空間。

      并(bing)網(wang)(wang)柜主要由刀閘、斷路(lu)器及有(you)關的(de)控制元件組成，由于其連接發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機系統和電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)系統，安裝(zhuang)有(you)完備的(de)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝(zhuang)置，起到發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機并(bing)網(wang)(wang)作(zuo)用，而被(bei)稱為“并(bing)網(wang)(wang)柜"。 光(guang)伏并(bing)網(wang)(wang)柜作(zuo)為光(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)總出(chu)口(kou)存在于光(guang)伏系統中，是連接光(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)的(de)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置，可以保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、計量光(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)總量，方便(bian)故障檢修管理，提高(gao)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統的(de)安全性和經濟效益。具備檢失壓(ya)(ya)分閘、檢有(you)壓(ya)(ya)合閘、過流保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、孤島(dao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、防(fang)逆(ni)流保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、諧(xie)波治理、無功(gong)補償等多項保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)功(gong)能，同時(shi)具備顯示光(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統運行(xing)參數(shu)和狀態指示，被(bei)廣泛運用于光(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統，與光(guang)伏并(bing)網(wang)(wang)逆(ni)變器配套使用可組成一套完整的(de)光(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統解決方案。

2、 光伏并網柜綜合監測解決方案

      光伏并(bing)網(wang)(wang)柜(ju)在運行中，會出現電(dian)網(wang)(wang)側電(dian)壓(ya)、頻率等(deng)方面的(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)動對本站造(zao)成(cheng)沖擊、負荷過(guo)高等(deng)現象(xiang)，不(bu)僅(jin)會對電(dian)網(wang)(wang)設(she)備造(zao)成(cheng)損壞還(huan)會威脅到(dao)維護人員的(de)(de)生命(ming)安(an)全。諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)問題(ti)是(shi)光伏發電(dian)的(de)(de)主要問題(ti)，光伏發電(dian)使用(yong)交(jiao)、直流(liu)逆(ni)變(bian)器，由于逆(ni)變(bian)器是(shi)通過(guo)半導體功率開關的(de)(de)開通和關斷作(zuo)用(yong)，把(ba)直流(liu)電(dian)轉變(bian)成(cheng)交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)，在此(ci)環節(jie)會產生諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)問題(ti)。另(ling)外由于光伏項目的(de)(de)不(bu)確定性，造(zao)成(cheng)輸(shu)出功率的(de)(de)隨機波(bo)(bo)(bo)動，導致電(dian)網(wang)(wang)頻率偏差(cha)、電(dian)壓(ya)波(bo)(bo)(bo)動與(yu)閃變(bian)等(deng)。

      針對上述情況，本解決方案利用防孤島保護裝置采集并網(wang)電(dian)(dian)壓、頻(pin)率及電(dian)(dian)網(wang)進線(xian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)等信(xin)號，當發(fa)生孤島現象時(shi)，快(kuai)速(su)切除(chu)并網(wang)點，使本站與(yu)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)側快(kuai)速(su)脫離。同時(shi)配置電(dian)(dian)能(neng)質量在(zai)線(xian)監測裝置，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)壓諧(xie)波(bo)、電(dian)(dian)壓波(bo)動與(yu)閃(shan)變、頻(pin)率偏(pian)差、電(dian)(dian)壓不平衡度、電(dian)(dian)壓暫降(jiang)/暫升/短時(shi)中斷等進行實時(shi)監測。通過這兩種設(she)備在(zai)光伏并網(wang)柜中的使用，為(wei)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)的可靠運行提供保障。本解決方案設(she)備配置方案如表一(yi)。

表一 配置方案

3、 產品簡介

3.1 AM5SE-IS微機(ji)保(bao)護裝置

      AM5SE-IS防孤島保護裝置主要適用于35kV、10kV及低壓380V光伏發電(dian)、燃(ran)氣發電(dian)等(deng)新能(neng)源并網供電(dian)系(xi)統(tong)。當發生(sheng)孤島(dao)現象時(shi)，可以快速(su)切除并網點，使本(ben)站與電(dian)網側(ce)快速(su)脫離，保證整(zheng)個電(dian)站和相關(guan)維(wei)護人(ren)員的生(sheng)命(ming)安全。

?技術參數

?主要功能

?外形及開孔尺寸

?安裝方法

裝置(zhi)(zhi)采(cai)用面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)嵌入式安裝，首先在屏體面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)按開孔(kong)尺(chi)寸(cun)開孔(kong)，如(ru)圖1。再(zai)將裝置(zhi)(zhi)按圖2所(suo)示(shi)放入開孔(kong)中，直到(dao)裝置(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)靠住機柜的面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)。將支架放置(zhi)(zhi)于機柜面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的內(nei)部（上(shang)下(xia)各有一(yi)個支架），如(ru)圖3，旋(xuan)轉4個固(gu)定螺絲，使裝置(zhi)(zhi)牢固(gu)固(gu)定在機柜面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)，后蓋(gai)上(shang)4個翻(fan)蓋(gai)即可。（翻(fan)蓋(gai)上(shang)方有小缺(que)口，拆卸時需用一(yi)字螺絲刀插入小缺(que)口將翻(fan)蓋(gai)取下(xia)。）

3.2 APView500電能質(zhi)量在線監測裝置

APView500電能(neng)質量(liang)(liang)在(zai)線(xian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)裝置集諧(xie)波(bo)分析、波(bo)形采(cai)樣、電壓暫降/暫升/中(zhong)斷、閃變(bian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)、電壓不平(ping)衡度監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)、事件(jian)記錄、測(ce)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)制等(deng)功能(neng)為一(yi)體。能(neng)夠滿足110kV及以下(xia)供(gong)電系統電能(neng)質量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)的要求，廣(guang)泛(fan)適用于化工、鋼鐵、冶(ye)金、醫(yi)院、數據中(zhong)心、交通建筑等(deng)行業的電能(neng)質量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)。

?技術參數

?監測精度

?基本功能