簡婷

安科(ke)瑞電氣股份有限(xian)公司 上海嘉(jia)定  201801

1、 光伏并網(wang)柜簡介

      分(fen)布式并(bing)網(wang)(wang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)系統是利用光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)組件將(jiang)太陽能(neng)直接轉(zhuan)變為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式，并(bing)且能(neng)一(yi)定程度(du)保證(zheng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定性(xing)、可靠性(xing)及供給配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)質量，是一(yi)種新型的(de)(de)(de)(de)、環保型且具有(you)(you)長遠發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)前景的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統。該系統在用戶(hu)所在場地或附近(jin)建(jian)設運行，以用戶(hu)側(ce)自(zi)發(fa)自(zi)用為(wei)主(zhu)、多余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量上(shang)網(wang)(wang)且在配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)系統平衡(heng)調(diao)節為(wei)特征的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設施。它(ta)能(neng)夠就近(jin)逐(zhu)步解決用戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)問題，通過并(bing)網(wang)(wang)送(song)去實現供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)差(cha)額的(de)(de)(de)(de)補(bu)償與外(wai)送(song)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)處(chu)于用戶(hu)側(ce)，發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供給當地負荷，可以有(you)(you)效減少對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)依賴(lai)，減少線路損耗。通過借助建(jian)筑(zhu)物表面，將(jiang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)作(zuo)為(wei)建(jian)筑(zhu)材料，從而有(you)(you)效地增加光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的(de)(de)(de)(de)占地面積。分(fen)布式光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統規(gui)模較(jiao)小，可以根據實際要求進行建(jian)設，建(jian)設區域選擇性(xing)較(jiao)大(da)，在未來能(neng)源(yuan)綜合利用發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)中有(you)(you)很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)空間。

      并(bing)網(wang)(wang)柜主要由刀閘(zha)、斷路(lu)器及有(you)關的控制元件組成，由于(yu)其(qi)連(lian)接發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機系(xi)(xi)(xi)統和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統，安裝(zhuang)有(you)完備(bei)的并(bing)網(wang)(wang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，起到發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機并(bing)網(wang)(wang)作用(yong)，而(er)被稱為“并(bing)網(wang)(wang)柜"。 光(guang)伏(fu)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)柜作為光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的總出口存(cun)在于(yu)光(guang)伏(fu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統中，是(shi)連(lian)接光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)的配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，可以保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)、計量光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的總量，方便故障檢修管理，提高發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統的安全性和(he)經(jing)濟效益。具備(bei)檢失壓分閘(zha)、檢有(you)壓合閘(zha)、過流(liu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)、過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)、孤島保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)、防逆流(liu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)、諧(xie)波治理、無功補償(chang)等多項(xiang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)功能(neng)，同時具備(bei)顯(xian)示(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統運(yun)行參數和(he)狀(zhuang)態指示(shi)，被廣泛運(yun)用(yong)于(yu)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統，與光(guang)伏(fu)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)逆變器配套(tao)使用(yong)可組成一套(tao)完整的光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統解決方案。

2、 光伏并網柜綜合監測解決(jue)方案

      光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)并網(wang)柜在運行(xing)中(zhong)，會出現電(dian)網(wang)側電(dian)壓(ya)、頻(pin)率等方面的(de)波動(dong)對本(ben)站(zhan)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)沖擊、負荷(he)過高等現象，不僅會對電(dian)網(wang)設備造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)損壞還會威(wei)脅到維護人員的(de)生命安全。諧波問題(ti)是(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)的(de)主要問題(ti)，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)使用交(jiao)、直(zhi)流(liu)逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)器，由(you)于(yu)逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)器是(shi)通過半導(dao)體功率開關(guan)的(de)開通和關(guan)斷作用，把(ba)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)轉變(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)，在此環節(jie)會產(chan)生諧波問題(ti)。另外(wai)由(you)于(yu)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)項目(mu)的(de)不確定性，造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)輸(shu)出功率的(de)隨機波動(dong)，導(dao)致電(dian)網(wang)頻(pin)率偏(pian)差、電(dian)壓(ya)波動(dong)與閃變(bian)(bian)等。

針對(dui)上述情(qing)況，本解決方案(an)(an)利用防孤(gu)島(dao)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)采集(ji)并網(wang)(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、頻率(lv)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)進線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流等(deng)信號，當發(fa)生(sheng)孤(gu)島(dao)現象(xiang)時(shi)，快速切除并網(wang)(wang)(wang)點，使(shi)本站與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)側(ce)快速脫離。同時(shi)配置(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)質量在線(xian)監(jian)測(ce)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)諧波、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波動與(yu)閃變(bian)、頻率(lv)偏差、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)平衡度、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)暫(zan)降/暫(zan)升/短時(shi)中斷等(deng)進行實時(shi)監(jian)測(ce)。通過這兩種設(she)備在光(guang)伏并網(wang)(wang)(wang)柜中的使(shi)用，為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的可靠運行提供保(bao)障(zhang)。本解決方案(an)(an)設(she)備配置(zhi)方案(an)(an)如表一。

表一 配置方案

3、 產品簡介

3.1 AM5SE-IS微機(ji)保護裝置

      AM5SE-IS防孤島(dao)保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)主要適用于(yu)35kV、10kV及低壓380V光伏發電(dian)(dian)、燃氣發電(dian)(dian)等新能源并網供電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)。當發生孤島(dao)現(xian)象時(shi)，可以快速切除并網點，使(shi)本站與電(dian)(dian)網側快速脫(tuo)離，保證整個電(dian)(dian)站和相關維(wei)護人員的生命安全。

技術參數

主要功能

外形及開孔尺寸

安裝方法

      裝(zhuang)置(zhi)采用面(mian)板(ban)嵌入式安裝(zhuang)，首(shou)先在屏體面(mian)板(ban)上按開(kai)孔(kong)尺寸開(kai)孔(kong)，如(ru)圖1。再將(jiang)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)按圖2所(suo)示(shi)放入開(kai)孔(kong)中，直到裝(zhuang)置(zhi)面(mian)板(ban)靠住機柜(ju)的面(mian)板(ban)。將(jiang)支架(jia)放置(zhi)于機柜(ju)面(mian)板(ban)的內部（上下各(ge)有一個支架(jia)），如(ru)圖3，旋轉4個固(gu)(gu)定螺絲，使(shi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)牢(lao)固(gu)(gu)固(gu)(gu)定在機柜(ju)面(mian)板(ban)上，后蓋上4個翻蓋即可(ke)。（翻蓋上方有小缺口，拆卸時需用一字螺絲刀插入小缺口將(jiang)翻蓋取下。）

3.2 APView500電能質量(liang)在線監測(ce)裝置

       APView500電(dian)能(neng)質(zhi)量(liang)在線監(jian)測裝置集諧波分(fen)析、波形采樣(yang)、電(dian)壓暫降/暫升(sheng)/中斷、閃(shan)變監(jian)測、電(dian)壓不平衡度(du)監(jian)測、事件記錄、測量(liang)控制等(deng)功能(neng)為一體。能(neng)夠滿足(zu)110kV及以下(xia)供電(dian)系統電(dian)能(neng)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)測的(de)(de)要求，廣泛適用于(yu)化工、鋼鐵、冶金(jin)、醫院、數據中心、交通建筑等(deng)行業的(de)(de)電(dian)能(neng)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)測。

作者簡介：簡婷(ting)，女(nv)，本(ben)科，現就(jiu)職于安科瑞電氣股份有限(xian)公司，主要研究方(fang)向(xiang)為建筑(zhu)能耗監測(ce)系(xi)統。